Calorific Value of Fuels:

The calorific value of a fuel is the quantity of heat produced by its combustion - at constant pressure and under "normal" ("standard") conditions (i.e. to 0^oC and under a pressure of 1013 mbar).

The combustion process generates water vapor and certain techniques may be used to recover the quantity of heat contained in this water vapor by condensing it.

Higher Calorific Value (or Gross Calorific Value - GCV, or Higher Heating Value - HHV) - the water of combustion is entirely condensed and that the heat contained in the water vapor is recovered
Lower Calorific Value (or Net Calorific Value - NCV, or Lower Heating Value - LHV) - the products of combustion contains the water vapor and that the heat in the water vapor is not recovered

Fuel	Higher Calorific Value (Gross Calorific Value - GCV)		Lower Calorific Value (Net Calorific Value - NCV)
Fuel	*kJ/kg*	*Btu/lb*	*kJ/kg*
Acetone	29000
Alcohol 96%	30000
Anthracite	32500 - 34000	14000 - 14500
Bituminous coal	17000 - 23250	7300 - 10000
Butane	49510	20900	45750
Carbon	34080
Charcoal	29600	12800
Coal (Lignite - Anthrasite)	15000 - 27000	8000 - 14000
Coke	28000 - 31000	12000 - 13500
Diesel fuel	44800	19300	43400
Ethane	51900		47800
Ethanol	29700	12800
Ether	43000
Gasoline	47300	20400	44400
Glycerin	19000
Hydrogen	141790	61000	121000
Kerosene	46200		43000
Lignite	16300	7000
Methane	55530		50000
Methanol	23000
Oil, heavy fuel	43000
Oil, light distillate	48000
Oil, light fuel	44000
Oils vegetable	39000 - 48000
Paraffin	46000		41500
Peat	13800 - 20500	5500 - 8800
Pentane			45350
Petrol	48000
Petroleum	43000
Propane	50350		46350
Semi anthracite	26700 - 32500	11500 - 14000
Sulfur	9200
Tar	36000
Turpentine	44000
Wood (dry)	14400 - 17400	6200 - 7500
	*kJ/m³*	*Btu/ft³*
Acetylene	56000
Butane C₄H₁₀	133000	3200
Hydrogen	13000
Natural gas	43000	950 - 1150
Methane CH₄	39820
Propane C₃H₈	101000	2550
Town gas	18000
	*kJ/l*	*Btu/Imp gal*
Gas oil	38000	164000
Heavy fuel oil	41200	177000
Kerosene	35000	154000

1 kJ/kg = 1 J/g = 0.4299 Btu/ lb_m = 0.23884 kcal/kg
1 Btu/lb_m = 2.326 kJ/kg = 0.55 kcal/kg
1 kcal/kg = 4.1868 kJ/kg = 1.8 Btu/lb_m
1 dm³ (Liter) = 10^-3 m³ = 0.03532 ft³ = 1.308x10^-3 yd³ = 0.220 Imp gal (UK) = 0.2642 Gallons (US)

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